Keynote Forum
Eman Khalifa
Matrouh University EgyptTitle: Biodiversity of toxigenic fungi in livestock and poultry feedstuffs in Egypt
Abstract:
This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence toxigenic fungi and mycotoxines, a total no. of 90 samples representing various types of animal and poultry feedstuffs were collected from different localities in Egypt; Alexandria, Beheira, New Valley, Assiut and Cairo, The results showed that 78 with a percentage of 86.7% of samples were contaminated with different fungal species, the fungal load was ranged from 0.4 to 12 x 10³ cfu/gram among different samples, Aspergillus was the most common genus being isolated from all mycologically positive samples with total count of 101900 colonies per gram matching 83.84% of total fungal population. 16 species of Aspergillus; which A. flavus and A. niger were the most common colonizing 72.2% and 56.6% of samples matching 15.8% and 41.7% of total fungal count. Penicillium appeared in 50% of samples accounting for 13.1% of total fungal population. Also in the present study 13 feedstuff samples were analyzed for mycotoxin contamination. These samples were mycologically positive yielding low (40-600 cfu/g) or high number of fungal colonies (1280-4920 cfu/g). A. flavus and A. niger were the dominant species in these samples, aflatoxin B1 at level of 0.851 and 1.363 ug/kg were detected in 2 samples; respectively. Aflatoxin B2 at a level of 0.479 ug/kg was also detected in 1 sample. Levels of Aflatoxins in the positive samples (AFB1 and AFB2) are below the recommended limit for animal feedstuff ingredients for beef cattle (20 ug/kg). From previously mentioned data, it was clear that feedstaffs of animal and poultry in Egypt represented hazardous source of toxigenic fungi which harm animal and poultry health, decrease their production, and could be serious sources of human illness, so regular screening in animal and poultry feedstaffs in Egypt is a good practice in order to control and overcome their presence and dangers.
Biography:
I am Acting Dean, associate profesor of of microbiology and immunology, faculty of veterinary medicine, Matrouh University, (Formerly Alexandria University, Matrouh Branch), Egypt. I have had the first record in Egypt and worldwide for isolation and identification of "Trichoderma pseudokoningii Rifai from Egyptian immunocompromised cattle with Mycobacterium bovis infection" with international record from Mycological Center, Assiut University.
Speakers
ILELADEWA ADEDAMOLA
The West African PostGraduate Colleage oF Environmental Health NigeriaTitle: Nanoparticles in mosquito vector control- A green revolution for the future and policy Implications.
Alphonse Traore
National Center for Research and Training in Malaria, Burkina Faso Burkina FasoTitle: Anopheline species composition and the 1014F-genotype in different ecological settings of Burkina Faso in relation to malaria transmission
Bilal Hussain
University of Sargodha PakistanTitle: Study of assessment of knowledge of patients and health care professionals about the use of nutraceuticals
Chelsey Paquette
University of Sherbrooke CanadaTitle: Individual and environmental determinants of Cuterebra bot fly parasitism in the eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus)
SIMON-OKE
Federal University of Technology NigeriaTitle: IMPACT OF HIV-ASSOCIATED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ON PfCRT GENE OF PATIENTS ATTENDING UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES TEACHING HOSPITAL COMPLEX, AKURE, NIGERIA
Speakers
Hussaina Makun
National Institute of Animal Produktion Ahmadu Bello University Shika NigeriaTitle: Comparative evaluation of anaemia using FAMACHA scores and anthelmintic resistance in two naturally infected indigenous goat breeds in Kaduna State, northwestern, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Two studies were conducted to evaluate the corelated the level of anaemia and anthelmintic resistance in goats. The FAMACHA system was first developed in South Africa and it has been successfully tested in different geographic area where Haemonchus contortus is the major gastrointestinal (GI) helminth of sheep. The present study was aimed at using the FAMACHA method as a tool for selective treatment of Haemonchus contortus infection in goats. Each study animal was monthly subjected to blood and faecal sample collection, and all the animals were scored using FAMACHA. The parasitological data included numbers of nematode eggs per gram of faeces (EPG), faecal culture L3 larvae, packed cell volume (PCV), and FAMACHA eye-colour score estimates and body weight change. The nematode infection (natural infection) showed that all the animals were positive for faecal egg, with the highest infection occurring during the raining season. Correlations between FAMACHA and PCV, FAMACHA and BW, EPG and PCV, EPG and BW, as well as FAMACHA and EPG, PCV and BW were all highly significant. (P < 0.001).
Faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) conducted on all farms visited confirmed the efficacy of commonly used anthelmintics, including imported albendazole, imported and locally made Levamisole and Ivermectin. Initially, high levels of resistance to all the benzimidazole group were found with percentage reduction of (65.90%, 93.81%, 59.94%, and -12.72%) respectively. While the levamisole, both imported and locally made had an efficacy of (98.5% and 99.5%), Ivermectin both injectable and oral had an efficacy of 99.51 and 97.45 respectively. Individual FECRT were also conducted on 4 goat flocks, 2 commercial and 2 local farms. There were 8 treatment groups in each of these farms. All the 8 drugs were 100% effective against Haemonchus contortus in the 2-local farm. For commercial farm 1, Ivermectin drenched and injectable showed 100% and 99% effectiveness respectively against all worm species found, Imported and Locally made levamisole had 100% and 90% reduction respectively, while there was resistance to albendazole on one of the commercial farm. It was therefore concluded that the FAMACHA method can be used by farmers in Nigeria as an on-farm tool to identify anaemic goats and give a guide on goats that need to be treated with anthelminthic particularly in condition of haemonchosis.