Biofuels

A Biofuel is a fuel that is created through contemporary biological progressions, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of relic fuels, such as coal and petroleum, from primeval biological matter.

• Advanced Biofuels
• Bio alcohols and Bioethanol
• Bio char
• Bio hydrogen
• Bio refineries

Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is the energy that is collected from natural sources that replenish themselves over short periods of time, renewable energy resources exist over wide geographical areas. Rapid deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency is resulting in significant energy security, climate change mitigation, and economic benefits. While many renewable energy projects are large-scale, renewable technologies are also suited to rural and remote areas and developing countries, where energy is often crucial in human development.

• Solar Energy
• Wind Energy
• Energy-from-waste
• Renewable chemicals
• Sustainable Energy Technology

Algae Biofuels

Biodiesel - Algae fuel, Algal Biofuel, or algal oil is an alternative to liquid fossil fuels that uses algae as its source of energy-rich oils. Also, Algae fuels remain an alternative to commonly known biofuel sources, such as corn and sugarcane. .. This is less than ​1⁄7 of the area of corn harvested in the United States in 2000. Converting Algae to Fuels. The period “Algae” refers to a great diversity of organisms—from microscopic cyanobacteria to giant kelp—which converts sunlight into energy using photosynthesis, like plants.

• Harvesting and oil extraction system
• Cyanobacteria biofuels production
• Commercialization of algae biofuels
• Wastewater based algae biofuels production
• Algal bio sequestration

Bioenergy

Bioenergy is Green energy created from natural, Biological Sources. These sources can be any form of organic matter that stores sunshine as Chemical energy. Numerous natural sources, such as plants, animals, and their byproducts, can be valuable resources. Modern knowledge even makes landfills or waste zones potential Bioenergy resources.

• Emerging technologies in Bioenergy
• Bioenergy systems
• Bioenergy in transition
• Energy in biomass
• Global Warming

Energy, Environment Sustainability

Some ways in which Environment sustainable energy has been defined are: "Effectively, the provision of energy such that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. ... Environment Sustainable Energy has two key components: renewable energy and energy efficiency."

• Environmental sustainability and systems approach
• Sustainable energy research
• Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage
• Enabling technologies for renewable energy
• Biofuels from microalgae

Energy Recycling

Energy recycling is the recovery of energy that would normally be wasted in industrial processes by flaring, exhausting to the atmosphere or operating low-efficiency equipment, and converting it into electricity or thermal energy (steam).

Green Chemistry

Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and procedures that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances. Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product, with its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Green chemistry competently uses raw materials, eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic and/or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Green chemistry reports the environmental impact of both chemical products and the procedures by which they are produced.

• Trends in Green Chemistry
• Green Chemistry & Engineering Metrics
• Benefits of Green Chemistry
• Water Remediation
• Biopolymer

Bioalcohols and Bioethanol

Bioethanol or Bioethanol is the most widely used liquid Biofuel. This is alcohol and is fermented from sugars, starches, or from cellulosic biomass. Maximum commercial production of ethanol is from sugar cane or Sugar beet, as starches and Cellulosic Biomass usually require expensive Pretreatment.

• Bioethanol production
• Bioalcohols from algae
• Bioalcohols as automobile fuel
• Generations of bioalcohols & scope of advancement
• Scale up on industrial level

Green Technology Architecture

The reason for this popularity is to perform sustainable growth. The Concept of Green Architecture, also known as “sustainable architecture” or “green building,” is the theory, science, and style of buildings designed and constructed in accordance with ecologically friendly principles. The idea of sustainability, or ecological plan, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations. Energy efficacy over the entire life cycle of a building is the most important goal of sustainable architecture.

• Green building
• Green Architecture
• Ecosystems and Natural Environments
• Human Impact on the Natural Environment
• Architectural Impact on the Natural Environment
• Responsibility of Architecture

Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a different fuel similar to conventional or 'fossil' diesel. Biodiesel can be produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil or fats, tallow, and waste cooking oil. The process used to convert these oils to Biodiesel is called transesterification. Biodiesel has reduced exhaust emissions related to petroleum diesel fuel.

• Crops for biodiesel production
• Biodiesel production from municipal waste
• Biodiesel as automobile fuel
• Cost effective techniques for biodiesel production
• Enzymatic biodiesel production
• Biodiesel production on industry level and scale up

Biogas

Biogas is a type of Biofuel that is naturally produced from the decomposition of Organic Waste. When Organic Matter, such as food scraps and Animal Waste, break down in an anaerobic environment (an environment absent of oxygen) they release a Blend of Gases, primarily methane and Carbon Dioxide.

• Biogas from agriculture waste
• Biogas from algae
• New & possible substrates for biogas production
• Biogas technologies
• Anaerobic packed-bed biogas reactors

Biohydrogen

Biohydrogen is an example of an advanced Biofuel ( third-generation biofuel). In advanced Biofuel Technologies, microbes are developed in special bioreactors and provided with the energy and nutrients that they need including, Sunlight, Waste Organic Material, CO2 from the air, or from conventional Gas Plants.

• Algal biohydrogen
• Bacterial biohydrogen
• Fermentative biohydrogen production
• High-yield biohydrogen production
• Enhancing biohydrogen production
• Biohydrogen purification

Biomass

Biomass can be changed to other usable forms of energy like methane gas or transportation fuels like ethanol and Biodiesel. Rotting garbage, and agricultural and human waste, all release methane gas, also called landfill gas or Biogas. In the context of producing Bioenergy, it typically refers to agricultural byproducts and residues, woody waste products, and crops and microbes grown specifically for Petroleum.

• Conversion technologies
• Perennial biomass feedstocks
• Integrated biomass technologies
• Impact of Smart Grid on Energy Resources
• Role and future of electric vehicles in smart grids

Biomass Feed Stocks For Renewable Energy Generation

Bioenergy (Biofuels and Biomass) Biomass can be used to produce Renewable Electricity, Thermal Energy, or transportation fuels (biofuels). Biomass is defined as living or recently dead viruses and any byproducts of those organisms, Plant or Animal.

• Biomass Resources for Bioenergy
• Agriculture residues
• Forestry materials
• Energy crops
• Smart Grids Applications & Challenges

Biomass Technologies

Biomass Technologies. A wide range of technologies has been developed to use the Biomass Resource. These vary from direct combustion in Burner Systems, to the production of more advanced biofuels, such as pyrolysis, through a variety of processing techniques. Technologies. There are many different types of Biomass residues, wastes and energy crops available worldwide.

• Latest conversion Technologies in Biomass
• Trending Research from Biomass
• Cellulosic Ethanol from Biomass
• Chemical conversion in biorefinery
• Principles of biorefineries

Biorefineries

The biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to Produce petroleum, power, heat, and value-added chemicals from Biomass. The Biorefinery concept is analogous to today's petroleum refinery, which produces multiple fuels and products from Fuel.

• Types of biorefineries
• Biorefining systems
• Biorefining scheme from algal and bacterial protein sources
• Integrated biorefinery
• Risk management issues
• Bio oil production
• Lignocellulosic material in biorefinery

Production of Biofuels

Biofuel is petroleum that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil gases, such as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter.

• Production of Biofuels from Biomass
• Production of Biodiesel from Biomass
• Production of Biochemicals from Biomass
• Production of Biogas from Biomass
• Energy balance of biofuel production
• Advances in biofuel production

Bioremediation

“Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to eliminate or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site.” According to the EPA, Bioremediation is a “treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms to break down risky substances into less toxic or nontoxic substances.”

• In-situ bioremediation
• Phytoremediation
• Biodegradation
• Mycoremediation

Biopower

Biopower is literally having power over bodies; it is "an explosion of numerous and diverse techniques for achieving the subjugation of bodies and the control of populations". Biopower system technologies include direct-firing, coifing, gasification, and pyrolysis.

• Combined heat and power
• Energy Efficiency
• Green Electricity
• Thermal energy storage

Energy, Environment & Sustainability

Energy and environment deal with the technological and scientific aspects of energy and environment questions including energy protection, and the interaction of energy forms and systems with the physical environment, are enclosed, including the relationship of such questions to wider economic and socio-political issues. Environmental engineers work to increase recycling, waste disposal, public health, and water and air pollution control.

• Energy access
• Energy Issues & Security
• Energy management
• Clean energy technologies
• Waste to Energy
• Air pollution, Waste Recycling/Management

Other Related Topic

Applicants are welcomed to submit abstracts relevant to the following theme/ topics or to combinations of them. All topics can be related to policy, market, and technical issues as well.

• Thermochemical Routes
• Syngas from Biomass
• Second generation biofuels
• Microbial pathways for advanced biofuels production
• Synthesis of advanced biofuels
• Advanced biofuels from pyrolysis oil
• Risk analysis of aviation fuels
• Synthesis of aviation biofuel via Fischer-Tropsch process