Title: In vivo pharmacokinetic and biodistribution of pH sensitive PEGYlated Chitosan microsphere loaded with 5-fluorouracil

Abstract:

Purpose: PEGylated chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsion-cross-linking followed by the solvent evaporation technique. The formulations were tested in vivo for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution followed by pharmacodynamic efficacy in colorectal carcinoma model in rats. Methods: In vivo activity was evaluated for dimethyl hydrazine-induced colorectal cancer in albino male Wistar rats. Pharmacokinetic parameters were measured and biodistribution in different tissues and organs were studied by HPLC techniques. Biochemical and histological parameters were evaluated to understand their effectiveness for colon cancer therapy with colon targeted localized delivery. Results: The 5-FU immediate release (IR) formulations showed an immediate cytotoxic effect, whereas controlled release microspheres inhibited proliferation of tumor cells to induce apoptosis over an extended time. Minimum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for both standard plain 5-FU and 5-FU-loaded microspheres were respectively 5.00 ± 0.004 µg/mL and 165 ± 1.9 µg/mL which showed the improved safety profile of the microsphere formulation. Tissue distribution showed high concentration of 5-FU in colon that was higher than IC50 value required to stop the growth or death of colon cancer cells from the colonic dysplasia in Duke’s stage A. Significant reduction in tumor volume and multiplicity was observed with increased levels of liver enzymes in animals when treated with standard 5-FU formulation compared with 5-FU loaded microspheres. Elevated levels of serum albumin, creatinine, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in animals for the standard 5-FU formulation. This was reduced in controlled release microsphere formulation which clearly indicates better safety profile with prolonged duration of action of these microspheres formulation. Conclusion: The PEGylated chitosan microspheres showed a better efficacy with controlled release profile, thereby increasing the safety profile of the drug along with high localized drug concentrations in colorectal carcinoma showing enhanced antitumor activity.

Biography:

Dr. Kuntal Ganguly holds a M.Pharm degree from the Rajiv Gandhi University Of Health Sciences, Bangalore and has completed his PhD (Tech.) from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad , India in Collaboration with University of Texas at Austin, USA. He has over 18 years of extensive experience in the global pharmaceuticals industry. He is responsible for leading the Company’s business, research and technical operations and steering its investments in developing and strengthening its capabilities and capacity. He held leadership positions at CSIR, ICMR and Venus Remedies Limited for over a decade, including Head of Formulations R&D, Venus Remedies Limited, India and Germany.

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Title: Sequencing and histopathological identification of Cutaneous leishmaniasis in people with a history of travel to endemic areas of Iran

Abstract:

Introduction: Cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) is the most common form skin disease caused by a single-celled parasite that is transmitted by the bite of a phlebotomine sand fly. bloodshed transmitted from infected animals rodents, dogs or humans to healthy humans can cause contamination. Symptoms usually appear three months to a year after the bite. Leishmaniasis affects almost 12 million people worldwide and it is one of the diseases that special attention should be paid to control and prevent it. Methods: This study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 in 100 cases that have traveled to the native area of the region. In the laboratory, the wounds are prepared from the patients and from the interstitial fluid of the wounds using a smear scalpel blade. Also, for further examination and more definitive diagnosis of the patients' samples, biopsy was performed. In addition, serous fluid from the patient’s skin lesion were cultured in Schneider’s Drosophila medium (Sigma, Germany), supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Sigma, Germany). The nested PCR method was performed using clinical samples and it was repeated twice for each batch of samples. All PCR products of ITS-rDNA gene were sequenced and analyzed using Taq1 enzyme with finite length fragment polymorphism (RFLP). Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-21 and Spearman and Kendall tests. Results: In this study 35 positive cases were detected About 47% of the total cases of CL were in Kermanshah province in western Iran and in Qasr Shirin region. 28% of the positive cases had a history of traveling to Ilam province and another 25% had a history of traveling to Fars, Hormozgan and Isfahan provinces. The prevalence of CL in men and women was 75% and 25%, respectively. The highest incidence of CL among men was observed in truck drivers and the age group of 20 to 35 years. In addition, most cases of the disease were observed during these years in summer and autumn. PCR products of ITS-rDNA gene were sequenced. Sequence analysis showed that 30 of the 35 positive samples were Leishmania major. Conclusion: Our cases report was done in Iran and in the city of Urmia, and considering that the city of Urmia is located in western Iran, so you are not a native region. Therefore, our studies have been conducted on non-natives and those who have a history of traveling to human areas. With proper information and training during the trip, such cases can be prevented.

Biography:

Mohammad has completed his MSc at the age of 28 years from Urmia University in medical parasitology. He is the Research Consultant and control quality manager in several clinical laboratory And he is constantly researching at work and finding the latest techniques for diagnosing diseases. Mohammad believes that participating in this congress will expand intellectual horizons and connect with other researchers.

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Title: Resuscitation and emergency infusions

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