Surprising mechanism for removing dead cells identified

2024-08-21 - 2024-08

Billions of our cells die every day to make way for the growth of new ones. Most of these goners are cleaned up by phagocytes -- mobile immune cells that migrate where needed to engulf problematic substances. But some dying or dead cells are consumed by their own neighbors, natural tissue cells with other primary jobs. How these cells sense the dying or dead around them has been largely unknown. Now researchers from The Rockefeller University have shown how the sensor system operates in hair follicles, which have a well-known cycle of birth, decay, and regeneration put into motion by hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). In a new study published in Nature, they demonstrate that a duo of sensors works in tandem to pick up signals from both dying and living HFSCs, removing debris before tissue damage can occur and ceasing operation before healthy cells are consumed.

DNA replication mechanism in pluripotent stem cells

2024-08-19 - 2024-08

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent stem cells that can produce all cell types of an organism. ES cells proliferate rapidly and have been thought to experience high levels of intrinsic replication stress. However, a recent report published in EMBO Reports by Kurashima et al. challenges this assumption by providing a detailed molecular investigation of replication dynamics in these cells. Led by Dr. Tomomi Tsubouchi at the National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB) in Japan, the research team explored replication fork dynamics -- such as replication fork speed, pausing frequency, and origin firing density -- across different substages of the S phase.

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Surprising mechanism for removing dead cells identified

DNA replication mechanism in pluripotent stem cells

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Surprising mechanism for removing dead cells identified

DNA replication mechanism in pluripotent stem cells