Dental pain:  Toothache is caused when the nerve to a tooth is aggravated. There are various reasons for tooth torment. Most of dental issues can be forestalled by keeping up with fundamental oral cleanliness. There are several different conditions that can lead to the onset of tooth pain.  They include:

• Infected Gums – Poor oral hygiene is the cause of infected gums. Over time, it will lead to the build-up of plaque. The bacteria will cause your gums to become red, bleed and swell up. This directly contributes to tooth pain.
• A Damaged Filling
• Pregnancy – pregnancy too can lead to tooth problems and tooth pain. Fluctuating hormone levels during pregnancy may lead to tooth decay and pregnancy gingivitis.

These complications are rare and are a result of an untreated maxillary dental infection .tooth pain i.e. Sinusitis, Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis, Submandibular Space Infection etc. The treatment for tooth pain depends solely on the cause of its onset. If a cavity is the reason for your tooth pain, your dentist will either extract the tooth or fill the cavity. Like medications, antibiotics, pain control.

Dental Public Health: Dental Public Health (DPH) is a Para-clinical specialty of dentistry that deals with the prevention of oral disease and promotion of oral health. Dental public health is involved in the assessment of key dental health needs and coming up with effective solutions to improve the dental health of populations rather than individuals.
Dental Hygiene: Dental hygiene is the practice of keeping one's mouth clean and free of disease and other problems (e.g. bad breath) by regular brushing of the teeth (Oral hygiene) and cleaning between the teeth. It is important that oral hygiene be carried out on a regular basis to enable prevention of dental disease and bad breath. The most common types of dental disease are tooth decay (cavities, dental caries) and gum diseases, including gingivitis, and periodontitis.

Endodontics: Endodontics encompasses the study of the basic and clinical sciences of normal dental pulp, the etiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and injuries of the dental pulp along with associated periradicular conditions. Endodontic treatment is one of the most common procedures. If the dental pulp (containing nerves, arterioles, venules, lymphatic tissue, and fibrous tissue) becomes diseased or injured, endodontic treatment is required to save the tooth.
Orthodontics: Orthodontics is a dentistry specialty that addresses the diagnosis, prevention, and correction of mal-positioned teeth and jaws, and misaligned bite patterns. It may also address the modification of facial growth, known as dentofacial orthopedics.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a surgical specialty focusing on reconstructive surgery of the face, facial trauma surgery, the oral cavity, head and neck, mouth, and jaws, as well as facial cosmetic surgery. An oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a regional specialist surgeon who treats the entire craniomaxillofacial complex: anatomical area of the mouth, jaws, face, and skull, head and neck as well as associated structures.

Oral cancer, disease characterized by the growth of cancerous cells in the mouth, including the lips. Oral cancer is often associated with cancers of the cavity located behind the tonsils and the back of the throat (oropharyngeal cancer). Most cases originate from the flattened cells that make up the lining of the oral cavity (squamous cell carcinomas). Oral cancers can spread into the jaw and may occur simultaneously with cancers of the larynx, esophagus, or lungs.