Bio surveillance could be a method of gathering, group action, decoding, and communication essential data that may relate to malady activity and threats to human, animal, or plant health. For the general public professional, bio police work activities vary from commonplace epidemiologic practices to advanced technological systems, utilizing complicated algorithms. it's necessary for native health officers to possess a heightened awareness of bio police work programs at the federal, state, and native levels.

Bioterrorism is act of terrorism involving the intentional unleash or dissemination of biological agents like bacterium, viruses, or toxins, and will be in an exceedingly present or a human-modified kind. Biological agents unfold through the air, water, or in food. Some may unfold from person to person and extremely laborious to find. Anthrax, botulism, haemorrhagic fever and different viral haemorrhagic fever viruses, plague, or pox may well be used as biological agents. Defensive measure uses medical measures to safeguard individuals against act of terrorism, includes medicines and vaccinations. It conjointly includes medical analysis and preparations to defend against bioterrorist attacks

A biohazard conjointly referred to as bio-agent, biological threat agent, biologic attack agent, bioarm, or biological weapon may be a microorganism, virus, protozoan, parasite, or flora which will be used purposefully as a weapon in terrorism or biologic attack (BW). additionally to those living and/or replicating pathogens, biological toxins also are enclosed among the bio-agents. Biological agents have the flexibility to adversely have an effect on human health in an exceedingly sort of ways that, starting from comparatively delicate hypersensitive reactions to serious medical conditions, together with death. several of those organisms area unit omnipresent within the natural atmosphere wherever they're found in water, soil, plants, or animals. Bio-agents could also be amenable to "weaponization" to render them easier to deploy or diffuse. Genetic modification might enhance their crippling or fatal properties, or render them imperviable to standard treatments or preventives.

Biosecurity has multiple meanings and is outlined otherwise in line with numerous disciplines. the initial definition of biosecurity started as a group of preventive measures designed to cut back the chance of transmission of infectious diseases in crops and stock, segregated pests, invasive alien species, and living changed organisms. The National Academies of Science outline biosecurity as "security against the unintended, inappropriate, or intentional malicious or malevolent use of doubtless dangerous biological agents or biotechnology, as well as the event, production, reposition, or use of biological weapons likewise as outbreaks of fresh aborning and epidemic disease".

Biological hazards, additionally referred to as biohazards, visit biological substances that cause a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans. this may embody medical waste or samples of a being, virus or poisonous substance (from a biological source) that may have an effect on human health. It may also embody substances harmful to alternative animals.