Title: Nutraceutical Supplements for Diabetes and Its Complications

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is linked with cardiovascular diseases and kidney and liver failures. Although the proper treatment of diabetes includes insulin injection continuously to maintain blood glucose, but nowadays, the researchers following some adjunct natural therapy for diabetes. Bioactive components of herbs and camel milk as nutraceutical supplements can be effective on diabetes and cardiovascular and liver failures. Ginger can directly increase glucose uptake that may be beneficial for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Using cinnamon in type 2 diabetics for 40 days decreased the blood glucose and lipids of diabetic patients. It is proved that Fenugreek seeds lower blood glucose in diabetes patients by insulinotropic effects of alkaloids. Dietary supplementation of 10 g Fenugreek/day in diabetes cases decreased insulin resistance. Nettle increase insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells, thereby increasing glucose uptake into cells and subsequently lower blood sugar. Colocynth was administered three times a day in type 2 diabetes patients, and reduced fasting blood sugar and lipids and glycosylated hemoglobin, increased insulin secretion from pancreatic cells. However, silymarin reduces insulin secretion without causing high blood sugar, and this effect can be helpful in treatment of hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes. Phenolic compounds in Moringa may be to some extent responsible for the anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. Camel milk contains insulin like proteins, which can be absorbed from the intestine and may be an effective alternative for insulin to treat type 1 and 2 and gestational diabetes. Camel milk may prepare about 60% of the insulin in diabetic patients and reduce blood sugar and required insulin dose. Obviously, camel milk is effective on insulin receptor function, signaling and glucose transport in the insulin-sensitive tissues, and insulin secretion. Herbs and camel milk improve the diabetes complications such as obesity, inflammation, wounds and oxidative stress damages. The anti-oxidative activity of herbs and camel milk whey proteins enhance the proliferation of immune cells and accelerates the wound healing process during diabetes and improve liver failures and lipid profiles in diabetes patients. Due to the side and temporary effects of chemical drugs, the use of bioactive components of herbs and camel milk as nutraceutical supplements along with chemical drugs is recommended for diabetics. But more scientific studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of these supplements on diabetes cases.

Keywords: Nutraceutical supplements, diabetes, cardiovascular

Biography:

Taherah Mohammadabadi finished her PhD in Iran and Australia and has been as a researcher at University of Queensland, Australia; she has attended and presented her works in different conferences in some countries. She is working as academic member, researcher and teacher since 11 years ago in Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran. She has been as supervisor for 10 PhD students and more than 30 Msc students. She has over 200 published publications, conferences presentations, and scientific projects; Also, some books on phytochemicals and microbes, bioactive components in the livestock milk; milk lactoferrin and health, anti-diabetes properties of camel milk. She is member of the editorial board and reviewer of some international and national journals.