Title: Oral and dental health of Italian drug addicted in methadone treatment

Abstract:

Oral and dental health of Italian drug addicted in methadone treatment

Objectives

Our group recorded the characteristic of oro‐dental health among a group of drug addicts in recovery treatment with methadone, and it evaluated the changes related to the withdrawal therapy.

Methodology

A sample of 50 drug addicts in treatment with methadone was included in this study. At the beginning of the withdrawal therapy, the authors recorded the parameters involved in the most common oral diseases. Moreover, it was evaluated how, during the rehabilitation protocol, the behavioral parameters and the xerostomia that influence the oral health changed. A medical history especially referring to drug addiction features was made. An intraoral objective exam was done for each patient, at the beginning of the therapy and after 3 and 6 months.

Results

82% of the subjects showed a DMFT > 0. No patient showed any presences of previous restorative therapies. Lowenthal's caries, mostly localized in the cervical upper maxillary incisor, were found in 12% of the subjects. The Löe and Silness index showed marginal gingivitis in 95% of subjects, whereas 44% showed improper occlusion and/or parafunctional habits. 52% of the subjects had a normal diet, but a qualitative evaluation showed a high percentage (48%) of immoderate refined sugars use. Xerostomia, that was present in 72% of patients during the drug dependence period, showed a marked reduction in the withdrawal period.

Conclusion

The group analyzed made a combined use with other drugs. They showed a high rate of caries and marginal periodontitis. The statistical analysis of the data proves how the methadone rehabilitation program is effective even on the oral health. It will show its effects over two different time related phases: after a first phase of decreased attention to oral health (0‐3 months), all index will increase in the long term (3‐6 months). The rehabilitation program contributes to an improved oral health of drug addicts.

Biography:

Dr. Pinar Cevik is an Associate Professor in Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics in Ankara/Turkey and holds a doctorate in the field of Prosthodontics. As an investigator, she has published 25 peer-reviewed papers primarily related to maxillofacial prosthodontics. She has presented/co-presented over 25 presentations in various scientific congress. She was a principal and co-principal investigator of two completed project funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

Title: Dental Health State Utilities among Dental Patients

Abstract:

Dental health state utilities among dental patients

Objectives

To test the efficacy of a dental health state utility measure among a sample of dental patients using the standard gamble (SG) method and to examine its association with two quality of life constructs, namely the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 questionnaire and the global oral health item.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study was conducted with a sample of 202 adult dental patients. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The 14 item oral health impact profile (OHIP‐14) and Locker's global rating scale for oral health were administered and a SG utility valuation was carried out.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 14.1 years. The mean SG score was 0.2 ± 0.2. Bivariate and negative binomial regression using the SG score as the outcome variable showed significant associations between SG scores and the OHIP‐14 summary scores, global oral health rating values, as well as with age, gender, and nature/severity of the oral problem.

Conclusion

The SG method was effective in assessing dental health state utilities in the patient population. Determining patients’ risk tolerance through the SG method may lead to greater awareness about factors that could influence their choice of treatment and could help in planning treatment regimens.

Biography:

I graduated from Edinburgh Dental School in 1977 and have been involved in Dentistry over the last 40 years. I have worked in both clinical practice and in University Dental Hospitals as well as in Industry (1998-2001) initially with SmithKline Beecham and subsequently with Block Drug Company. From 2003 to 2008 I worked with a Clinical Research Organization and currently I am a Senior Clinical Lecturer in Periodontology at the Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry QMUL in London (2009-). My main interests are in the area of the Management of Dentine Hypersensitivity and I have published over 85 papers on a number of dental topics as well as contributing to several book chapters.

Title: Radiographic assessment of proximal surface carious lesion progression in Chilean young adults

Abstract:

Radiographic assessment of proximal surface carious lesion progression in Chilean young adults

Objective: Investigate the rate and associations of interproximal carious lesion progression. Methods: Retrospective data were analysed from 125 young adults (range: 18-29 years) with repeated bitewing radiographs collected over a 6-year period. Participants were submitted to different protocols of radiographic examination frequency. Transitions from outer enamel to outer dentine (OE-to-OD) and from outer dentine to dentine (OD-to-D) were selected because of their clinical relevance. Factors associated with each transition were assessed in Cox regression models.

Results: One hundred seven (85.6%) and 52 (41.6%) participants experienced OEto-OD and OD-to-D transitions, respectively. In addition, 16.8% of 537 eligible surfaces progressed from OE-to-OD whereas 59.4% of 128 eligible surfaces progressed from OD-to-D. Incidence rates were 6.6 and 44.1 per 100 tooth surface-years, respectively. Mean survival time for OE-to-OD transition was 6.4 years (95% confidence interval: 6.0-6.9) and the median survival time for OD-to-D transition was 1.6 years (95%CI: 1.3-1.7). In adjusted Cox regression models, location in the lower jaw (hazard ratio: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.21-0.57) was inversely associated with OE-to-OD progression. In addition, proximal DMFS at baseline (HR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.87-0.99) and location in the lower jaw (HR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.26-0.99) were inversely associated with OD-to-D progression.

Conclusions: This group of Chilean young adults has a high progression rate of proximal caries lesions. Location of the caries lesion and proximal DMFS were the only factors associated with caries progression ​​​​​​

Biography:

Cirujano – Dentista Universida de Chile.Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas Universidad de Chile. Profesor Clínico Asociado, Escuela Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Católicade Chile.