Title: Vertigo: Eustachian tube function should be tested before vestibular function

Abstract:

Eustachian tube dysfunction is defined by symptoms and signs of pressure dysregulation in the middle ear. Vertigo associated with ETD is caused in most instances by unilateral Eustachian tube obstruction or by more complete obstruction one side than the other. Vertigo due to unilateral ETD was first defined as “alternobaric vertigo”, by Dr. Claes Lundgren who coined the term in 1965 to describe vertigo in deep-sea divers. The fundamental mechanism of ABV is asymmetrical middle ear pressures. This diagnosis can also be applied to cases at ground level, no matter how minute the difference in pressure is. Persistent ABV at ground level is associated with abnormal vestibular function test results. ABV should be differentiated from any condition conferring active risk of vertigo or severe disequilibrium. Vestibular organ dysfunction is caused by poorly regulated pressure in the middle ears. Vestibular organs are dependent variable organs. Every clinical test currently used to assess vestibular function should ideally be performed in a state where pressures in the middle ear cavities are well within normal range, and perfectly balanced between the ears.

Biography:

Hee-Young Kim is an otolaryngologist and director of Kim Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea. He received his Doctor of Medicine, and PhD in pathology from Chung-Ang University, South Korea. His area of academic interest is Eustachian tube disfunction and he has published on topics such as Vertigo: Eustachian tube function should be assessed before vestibular function, Eustachian tube catheterization, vertigo due to Eustachian tube obstruction in peer-reviewed journals. He was awarded the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award. Since 2016, he has served as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Otolaryngology-ENT Research.

Title: Radiological considerations for endoscopic middle ear surgery

Abstract:

The transmeatal endoscopic approach has been found to be a feasible and safe minimally invasive technique for the exposure and excision of Cholesteatoma confined to the middle ear cavity and its extensions. Improved eradication of the cholestaetoma by endoscopic removal of hidden pathology from facial recess, sinus tympani, anterior epitympanic space, and Eustachian tube is one of the better established advantages of endoscopic ear surgery (EES). Since the choice of surgical technique depends on the extent of the disease, pre-operative otoscopic and radiological findings can be decisive in planning the optimal surgical approach. The aim of this presentation is to review all the radiological considerations that might be useful for the endoscopic ear surgeon in surgical planning; including CT Scan and Diffusion-weighted MRI on cholesteatoma.

Biography:

Syed imdad Husain hashmi has completed his MS ENT at age of 27 years from Pravara institute of medical science, Ioni, Ahmednagar, India. He is the ENT Specialist registrar at Shifa Jeddah Polyclinic snice last 6.5 years. He is also Editorial Board member of IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science.

Title: Radiofrequency ablation for thyroid nodules – A new trend in the treatment for benign and malignant nodules

Abstract:

Until recently, classic treatment for most thyroid nodules was restricted to partial or total thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy, or suppressive levothyroxine therapy, all of which have potential drawbacks. On the other side of the spectrum stands observational follow-up, which despite avoiding procedural complications, may lead to compressive symptoms or cosmetic concerns. In this context, Radiofrequency Ablation and other thermal therapies have emerged to fill in the gap of less invasive and yet similarly effective therapeutic options for neoplastic thyroid disease. In the past ten years, RFA, for many reasons, has been progressively more employed in the treatment of thyroid nodules than other thermal treatments. This minimally invasive technique is largely beneficial in the face of patients who reject or are unsuitable for surgery due to clinical or cosmetic reasons. Many publications have already established RFA’s efficacy on large benign nodules or papillary microcarcinomas, confirming its role as a feasible alternative to thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy. Moreover, complications such as thyroidectomy or radioiodine-induced hypothyroidism are significantly milder or less common in patients submitted to RFA.

Biography:

Erivelto Volpi is a head and neck surgeon specialized in thyroid and parathyroid diseases. He had his general surgery and head and neck surgery training at Hospital das Clinicas of the University of Sao Paulo, where he worked for 26 years until he retired in 2018. Since 2015 he works at the Oncology Center at Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, one of Brazil's top ten private hospitals. He was one of the founders of the Brazilian Society of Endocrine Surgery and served for eight years at the Executive Committee of Latin American Thyroid Society. Currently, he is an Associate Editor of Clinical Thyroidology.

Title: Management of ludwig’s angina at tertiary care hospital: A case series of 30 patients

Abstract:

Ludwig’s angina is a cellulitis of submandibular space, submental space and sublingual space. The main causative factors include dental infections (apical and marginal periodontitis, pericoronitis and dental procedures). Other predisposing conditions include poor dental hygiene, dental caries, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, AIDS and various immunocompromised states. It presents as an acute onset and spreads very rapidly causing bilateral diffuse neck swelling, edema of floor of mouth, pain, fever, trismus, difficulty in swallowing, airway edema and tongue displacement creating a compromised airway, stridor, foul smelling pus discharge. So it requires early diagnosis and aggressive management.

Title: Significant association of BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract:

Molecular characterization of breast cancer heterogeneity facilitates the understanding of disease etiology and progression. More specifically, mutations in known and tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53, result in the alteration of a genomic landscape within sporadic and familial breast cancers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are described as a mutation with a particular prevalence in certain ethinic population that in turn result in the altered prevalence of disease, the tumor suppressor genes responsible for maintaining the genomic stability. Certain SNPs in BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 are known to correlate with elevated risk of breast cancer development worldwide, however there is no such study categorizing the risk of breast cancer development in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population in Pakistan.

Title: Nutraceutical Supplements for Diabetes and Its Complications

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is linked with cardiovascular diseases and kidney and liver failures. Although the proper treatment of diabetes includes insulin injection continuously to maintain blood glucose, but nowadays, the researchers following some adjunct natural therapy for diabetes. Bioactive components of herbs and camel milk as nutraceutical supplements can be effective on diabetes and cardiovascular and liver failures. Ginger can directly increase glucose uptake that may be beneficial for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Using cinnamon in type 2 diabetics for 40 days decreased the blood glucose and lipids of diabetic patients. It is proved that Fenugreek seeds lower blood glucose in diabetes patients by insulinotropic effects of alkaloids. Dietary supplementation of 10 g Fenugreek/day in diabetes cases decreased insulin resistance. Nettle increase insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells, thereby increasing glucose uptake into cells and subsequently lower blood sugar.

Biography:

Taherah Mohammadabadi finished her PhD in Iran and Australia and has been as a researcher at University of Queensland, Australia; she has attended and presented her works in different conferences in some countries. She is working as academic member, researcher and teacher since 11 years ago in Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran. She has been as supervisor for 10 PhD students and more than 30 Msc students. She has over 200 published publications, conferences presentations, and scientific projects; Also, some books on phytochemicals and microbes, bioactive components in the livestock milk; milk lactoferrin and health, anti-diabetes properties of camel milk. She is member of the editorial board and reviewer of some international and national journals.

Title: The use of genetic interference mechanisms in treatment of human genetic disorders

Abstract:

Gene interference can be defined as the alteration of the activity of specific genes by altering the regulatory sequences. Gene therapy aims at treating genetic diseases through insertion and expression of specific exogenous genetic materials by transfer of nucleic acids either in vivo or in vitro (through modified cells). This results to expression of a normal product thus correcting the abnormal cellular function. Gene therapy involves two approaches which include germ-line and somatic line gene therapy.

Biography:

Jimmy Nkaiwuatei holds a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya. He is the founding Partner, Find Your Voice Science club and currently the head of Drug Research, Discovery and Innovations Program at Students against Superbugs Africa. He is also a member of Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI).

Title: Successful thrombolysis by low dose slow intravenous alteplase infusion in critically ill patients with stuck prosthetic mitral valve:a case study

Abstract:

Prosthetic valve thrombosis(PVT) contributes to significant post valve replacement mortality and morbidity.Treatment guidelines are controversial,ranging from surgical intervention to thrombolysis.We report a case study of two challenging patients who presented in our hospital,known Rheumatic Heart Disease,Post Mitral Valve Replacement,with Acute Left ventricular failure in NYHA class IV and PVT,of which one had coagulopathy with grossly deranged INR.Both patients were put on intermittent non invasive ventilator and inotropic supports,and successfully thrombolysed with low dose slow intravenous Alteplase infusion given every 6 hours in discrete doses with monitoring of PT/INR and mitral valve gradients,resulting in remarkable clinical improvement .Their successful treatment shows that thrombolysis can be considered as an effective treatment modality in high risk surgery patients with stuck prosthetic mitral valve.

Biography:

Aparajita Kumar has completed Diploma Cardiology in 2015 from MS Ramaiah Narayana Hrudalaya, Bangalore,,and is an International Associate, American College of Cardiology.She has over 7 years experience in Cardiology having previouly worked in leading corporate hospitals,,and is presently working as Consultant Cardiology-Non interventional in Max Hospital Dehradun, India.She has attended  several national and international conferences,and has been a presenter in International Trauma Conference.She had been awarded Second prize in National Young Genie Champion in Cardiology in 2016.She has a keen interest in research,and completed Research to Publication course by UCMS California and BMJ for designing clinical trials and scientific writing,and was awarded 200 CPD credits for the same.Her key interests are Preventive cardiology, echocardiography and hypertension.

Title: Comparative evaluation of role of Oro-t mouthwash and Smf mouthwash as adjunct to scaling (subgingival irrigation): A randomized clinico-comparative study

Abstract:

Introduction: Treatment of periodontal disease is routinely based on mechanical debridement of the tooth surface and appropriate and meticulous maintenance of oral hygiene. However, comprehensive mechanical debridement of sites with deep periodontal pockets is difficult to accomplish, therefore systemic or local administration of antibiotics are preferred. But there are various disadvantages with systemic therapy like hypersensitivity reaction, organ toxicity and bacterial resistance. So, to attained the correct required GCF concentration at the target site, led to the use of local drug-delivery system. Ayurveda system of medicine has its root in Indian subcontinent which is being globalized and practices as alternative medicine in the Western world. It is typically based on complex herbal compounds, minerals, and metal substances. Further SMF mouthwash has been used for treating OSMF patient because of its contents which enhanced its properties by improving healing capacity of the tissue. So, in this present study we have planned to evaluate & compare healing potential of both the mouthwashes which is better.

Aim:Comparative Evaluation of Subgingival irrigation Role Of ORO-T Mouthwash and SMF Mouthwash as adjunct to scaling. A clinical comparative study.

Objective

1. To evaluate effect of subgingival irrigation ORO-T mouthwash as an adjunct to scaling & root planning (SRP).
2. To evaluate effect of subgingival irrigation SMF mouthwash as an adjunct to scaling & root planning (SRP).
3. To compare & evaluate effect of subgingival irrigation ORO-T mouthwash & SMF mouthwash as an adjunct to scaling & root planning (SRP).

Materials: Piezoelectric scalers, Oro-t mouthwash, SMF mouthwash,5 ml syringe with blunt cannula. TYPE OF STUDY- A Randomized Clinico-Comparative Split Mouth Study. SAMPLE SIZE- Split mouth study in 30 patients with 120 experimental sites with inclusion criteria involving like Systemically healthy patients, Periodontal pocket depths ranging from ≥5 mm to ≤ 7mm, Requiring Non- surgical periodontal treatment and exclusion criteria involving like patients taking antibiotics for past 6 months, Smokers /Gatka or any form of smokeless tobacco users, Periodontal therapy within past 6 months, Bony defect requiring surgical regenerative treatment and Mobility. Clinical parameters Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Bleeding Index, probing depth, Clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline, at day 14 & day 21 & were evaluated for both Oro -t mouthwash &SMF mouthwash group after giving subgingivally as a local drug delivery as an adjunct to scaling & root planing.

Result: Statistically significant reduction was seen for all the parameters in both the groups when compared with baseline parameters but there was no statistically significant difference between Oro-t mouthwash & SMF mouthwash.

Conclusion: Although there was no statistically significant difference between Oro-t mouthwash & SMF mouthwash in all the parameter’s reduction yet SMF mouthwash can be used as a local drug delivery in replacement of antibiotics (tetracycline fibers) because of its superior properties when compared with turmeric mouthwash. Further researches need to be done.

 Keywords-Oral Submucous fibrosis, Clinical attachment level, Oro-T mouthwash, Local drug delivery.

Biography: