Pediatrics is the main branch of medicine that deals with the medical supervision of children, infants, and adolescents. A pediatrician is a child's physician who produces preventive health preservation for healthy children and medical supervision for children who are acutely or chronically ill. Pediatricians hold the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of their patients, in every phase of development in good health or in illness. They also are tangled with the prevention, early detection, and dealing of other problems that influence children and adolescents.

Neonatology may be a subspecialty of pediatric medicine that consists of the medical care of newborn infants, particularly premature newborn. it's a hospital-based specialty and is sometimes practiced in infant medical care units (NICUs). Neonatologist is trained notably to handle the foremost advanced and speculative things.

For a newborn baby, mother’s milk is that the best nutrition that he will get. Hence, breastfeeding becomes a crucial a part of the diet for the child’s correct growth. Mother’s milk has such nutrition that even the baby food fed as a supplement to mother’s milk cannot give. Even still breastfeeding is usually recommended up to six months older. once half dozen-24 months they have to be fed with “complementary food” since once 6 months older, the milk alone isn't sufficient for the kid. deficiency disease because of negligence to diet throughout this era of growth will be terribly tough to reverse. the dearth of complementary feeding is that the major reason for high rates of underneath-nutrition in youngsters under five years older.

Pediatric allergies are the foremost common style of disorder that youngsters suffer. Allergies may be caused by many factors like food (e.g., spread allergies), dust, cold, pollen etc. a number of the foremost common childhood hypersensitivity reaction includes allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis). It causes fretful, watery red eyes, liquid nose and chronic ear issues. Ear infection because of accumulation of fluid within the ear will cause poor speech development in youngsters. They additionally cause ear aches, itching, pop and fullness. Food allergies are quite common poignant virtually six million youngsters in u. s. alone. In some special cases Associate in nursing babe will have hypersensitivity reaction to their mother’s milk because of the mother’s diet.

Pediatric Critical Care deals with children who are seriously ill and in unstable condition and need immediate attention and cure to live. The unstable condition may include severe asthma, deep diabetic ketoacidosis, infections like pneumonia, and serious injuries from accidents like cares, bicycles, skateboard or rollerblades or near drowning. In case if the child is critically ill and requires careful monitoring, he is placed in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). There the pediatric critical care doctors work in close with the PICU nurses and doctors to stabilize the condition of the child. Emergency medicine deals with the immediate condition of the patient, his seriousness of injury and how to stabilize his condition. These medicines are targeted towards improving the current unstable condition of the patient and they are generally not given for long term. Emergency medicine for Pediatric also is a different section of emergency medicine which deals with kids, neonates and adolescents. Since from the age of 0-18 years, the body keeps growing and especially in the period of 0-5 years the neonate cannot be treated as a “small adults”, special care has to be taken when treating them under emergency conditions.

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit is the section of the hospital that provides sick children with the highest level of medical care. It differs from other parts of the hospital, like the general medical floors, in that the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit allows intensive nursing care and continuous monitoring of things like heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit also allows medical staff to provide therapies that might not be available in other parts of the hospital. Some of these more intensive therapies include ventilators (breathing machines) and certain medicines that can be given only under close medical supervision.